wbc

Causes of Leucocytosis:A.Physiological
Erercise
Cold
Pregnancy
Diurnal variation(Slight raise in after noon)

B.Pathological
1. Infection
Bacterial
Viral poliomyelitis
All virus causes lymphopenia
2.Inflammation
RA
Gout
R fever
3.Malignancy
HD
CML
4.Haemorrhage
5.Tissue necrosis



Leucopenia:Viral: Influenza, Atypical pneumonia
Bacterial: Typhoid, Paratyphoid
Protozoal: malaria, kala zar
Autoimmune: SLE
Drugs:
Chlorampenical
Sulphonamide
Cotrimoxazole
Phenytoin
Maloprim
Chloropromazine
Chloropropamide
Hyperspleenism
Idiopathic
Congenital: Kostmann syndrome


Eosinophilia:1.Helminth
Filarial,Hydatid,Tape worm,Hookworm
2.Allergic
Asthma,Atopic,Eczema,Skin disease
3.Connective tissue
PAN
4.Malignancy
Lymphoma
CML
5.Pulmonary eosinophilia
Tropical> 2000 microfilaria
Loffelers 500-1500/mm
6.Familial
7.Drugs

Lymphocytosis:1.Bacterial: TB,Typhoid,para typh, Whoophing cough,syphilis
2.Viral: Hepatitis,Chicken pox,Measles,Rubella,Infectious mononucleosis
3.Protozoal: malaria ,Ka la zar
4.Malignancy: CLL, NHL
5.Post spleenectomy
6.Thyrotoxicosis

Lymphopenia:Inflammation: CTD
Lymphoma
Renal Failure
Drugs
Steroid
Cytotoxic
Congenital:SCID

Functions:
Basophil:
Secret5es heparin, Bradikinin
Contains dark blue granules
Prevents intravascular clotting
Acts as co factor for lipoprotein lipase , so it plays a rule in fat metabolism


Eosinophils:Phagocytsis Ab-ag complex
Bilobed red orange granules
Inactivation of hgistamine
Release fibrinolysin which dissolve fibrin clot