Infectious disease.... Toxoplasmosis

Definitive Host:........................Cat
(where adult stage exist or sexual stage of protozoa occurs):
usually human is the definitive host most case except malarial parasite and hydatid tape warm)


Intermediate host: .....................Human,mouse
where asexual or larval stage occurs


routes of transmission:

1.Transplacental
2. Blood transfusion
3.Infected Meat(Bradyzoite)
4.Ocyst


Bradyzoite penetrates ..........>> enterocyte...........>>multiply
Tachyzoite.......>>> infect more enterocyte
(Usually it can not do so due to CMI, In AIDS it can do so)

Brain, retina, Muscle tissue, Liver and other nervous tissue it has special fascination.


Clinical feature:
a. Congenital toxoplasmosis(infant)
b.Acquired toxoplasmosis

a. Congenital toxoplasmosis

Consist of tetrod....RICH
R...........Retinochoroiditis
I............Intracerebral calcification
C............Convulsion
H............Hydrocephalus


Time of transmission
Ist trimester........50% brain
2nd trimester.......40%brain
3rd..........................11%brain



b.Acquired toxoplasmosis

Occurs only in immunosuppressed state(AIDS)
fever with rash with lymphadenopathy


Algorithm of Diagnosis:

IgG +ve /-ve

If igG negative no infection seen.

If IgG positive(Inf may be within 2/6 months) then go for IgM.

If IgM positive then